The Sicily and Calabria regions of Italy were struck by a disastrous earthquake on 28 Decemer 1908. The estimated death toll was between 70,000 - 100,000. A 'merit' medal was struck in gold, silver and bronze, for awarding to those who distinguished themselves in giving assistance. Approximately 300 of these medals were awarded. Subsequently a commemorative medal was produced to be awarded to everyone who came to the aid of the Italian people during this disaster. Many of these medals were awarded to members of the British Royal and Merchant Navies.