Pre-war service: attested probationer, Royal New Zealand Artillery (Field Artillery Section), 5 June 1912: aged 19, single, law clerk, 5' 11.75".
Found guilty, Wellington Depot, of not complying with an order, 29 August 1912: awarded 2 days' confined to barracks.
Found guilty, Wellington Depot, of loitering about during stable hour: awarded 2 days' Confined to Barracks.
Found guilty, Wellington Depot, of being inattentive to drill, and disobedience of orders, 26 September 1912: awarded 2 days' confined to barracks.
Found guilty, Wellington Depot, of being dirty on parade, 26 September 1912: awarded 7 days' confined to barracks.
Found guilty, Camp Sutton, Otago, of being dirty on parade, 15 April 1913: fined 5/.
Found guilty, Camp Sutton, Otago, of, on 21 April 1913, (1) interfering with the sentry on duty at the Horse Lines and refusing to go to his tent when ordered by the sentry 11.40 pm; (2) being absent from Roll Call 10 pm: fined 1 Pound.
Found guilty, Wellington, 13 January 1915, of (1) creating a disturbance in barracks about 11.25 pm; (2) using threatening language to Driver Boyd, the detention sentry, by saying to him 'I will knock your head off'; (3) being in plain clothes contrary to Regimental Orders: awarded 96 hours' detention.
Mr John Loveridge, 25 Grove Street, Nelson, wrote to OC, Nelson Military District, 4 February 1916: 'In support of the letter forwarded to you bearing date 29/1/16 and signed by C. Snow and Privates Stewart & Kinsett and in which a complaint was made that H. Cairn, one of your staff had stated that 'the 3rd reinforcements were the scum of New Zealand'. I wish to say that I was present when the words were used and as I consider that such statements are libels on our men and calculated to impede recruiting I deem it my duty to send this note of corroboration to you. If the matter is not satisfactorily settled I shall consider it necessary to communicate with Headquarters. I may say that I am a resident of this District for the last 36 years and that I have two sons who have enlisted.'
Found guilty, Christchurch, 15 July 1916, of, on 7 July 1916, (1) changing duties without permission; (2) using threatening language to NCO on duty by saying to him 'I would like to meet you in the dark; it's a shame what a mess I would make of you.'
Found guilty, Christchurch, 10 November 1916, of when in arrest escaping therefrom and remaining absent until 10 pm (6 1/2 hours): awarded 120 hours' detention.
Temporary OC, Detachment, RNZA, Lyttelton, wrote to OC, RNZA Depot, Wellington, 11 November 1916: 'This Driver has proved himself a very bad character and thoroughly unreliable in the performance of his duties.'
Found guilty by District Court Martial, Christchurch, 29 November 1916, of, on 3 November 1916 (1) using insubordinate language to his superior officer by saying to Sgt Snow 'Bloody rot. I don't give a fuck if I am in trouble don't try to boss me about, it's no bloody good, I've had enough of your bossing ever since I've been at this station'; (2) using threatening language to his superior officer by saying to Sgt Snow 'What the bloody hell do you want here, pimping on me, I suppose. You are a bloody mongrel, a bloody microbe. If you were on your own I'd punch you on the bloody nose, and for two pins I'd do it now. I'll fix you yet if I get gaol for it.': awarded 56 days' detention.
Found guilty, Fort Jervois, 5 February 1917, overstaying leave from 3.50 pm, 2 February, to 6.40 pm, 3 February 1917: awarded 24 hours' detention and forfeited 1 day's pay.
Enlisted in NZEF, 5 February 1917.
War service: Western Front
Embarked Wellington, 2 April 1917; disembarked Plymouth, 10 June 1917.
Found guilty, 21 June 1917, of (1) being absent without leave: awarded loss of 2 days' pay and confined to barracks for 2 days; (2) striking an NCO: awarded 120 days' detention, and deprived of 120 days' pay.
Proceeded overseas to France, 22 December 1917; 88 days' detention remitted.
Posted to Divisional Ammunition Column, 14 January 1918.
Detached to Artillery School, 4 March 1918; rejoined unit from detachment, 22 March 1918.
Found guilty, 10 April 1918: awarded 14 days' Field Punishment No 2, and deprived of 10 days' pay.
Transferred to 2nd Brigade, 21 April 1918, and posted to 5th Battery, 24 April 1918.
Reported slightly wounded, 23 October 1918; admitted to 18th General Hospital, Camiers, 24 October 1918 (gun shot wound, left forearm); transferred to England, 8 November 1918, and admitted same day to 1st War Hospital, Birmingham (influenza); discharged on leave, 7 December 1918, to report to NZ Command Depot, Codford, 23 December 1918.

Commenced return to New Zealand on board SS 'Ruahine', 19 May 1919; admitted to ship's hospital 9 June 1919; discharged from ship's hospital, 10 June 1919; discharged, 5 August 1919.
Total war service: 2 years 181 days (of which 2 years 98 days were abroad) AWMM