The largest part of Scars on the Heart covers the First and Second World Wars, reflecting the extent of involvement of New Zealand forces and evidenced by the toll in the Roll of Honour next door.
The exhibition was created using the personal experiences of the armed forces and the New Zealanders who remained at home. Letting these voices speak lends considerable impact to the collection. Many of the items on display are small and of a personal nature, including letters to and from home, photographs and articles of clothing. Interactive computers allow visitors to browse through photo albums and diaries and handsets give oral histories of soldiers' experiences.
There is a recreation of an Anzac bivvy at Gallipoli and a Western Front trench from the Great War, complete with periscopes to view the enemy with. A "captured" German bunker from the Western Front has soldiers' bunks and the command post table of the New Zealand Brigade. A New Zealand soldier (digger) has left his belongings on one bunk while a German soldier's belongings are displayed on another.